Tirzepatide is a novel dual glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist. Its 39-amino acid backbone incorporates a C20 fatty diacid moiety that promotes albumin binding and extends its half-life to approximately 5 days. The dual agonism mechanism differentiates tirzepatide from monoagonist GLP-1 compounds and has generated significant research interest in insulin secretion potentiation, energy homeostasis, adipogenesis, and hepatic lipid metabolism. Preclinical data suggests additive glycaemic control compared to selective GLP-1 agonists.